
Cities are alive, organic, vibrant with motion on the streets, pulsing with citizens crowding the sidewalks. They grow, and decline, and sometimes die. They evolve, transforming at the pace of nature, not fashion, changing in response to changes of both their constituent populace and the broader social environment. At their worst, cities are overwhelming; at their best, cities are stimulating. Quite often, they're both, and more.
Photographer Douglas Levere has chronicled the evolution of what many consider the paradigmatic city: New York. In his new book New York Changing, Levere photographs the city from the same vantage points as early 20th century photographer Berenice Abbott, demonstrating the sometimes subtle, sometimes shocking evolution of New York over the course of over half a century. Many of the images are available at his website, and capture the excitement and melancholy of urban history. The pictures shown here are of Henry Street, in Manhattan, in 1935 and 1998. A picture taken from the same location today would, sadly, show yet another transformation.
The result is a frozen-in-time version of the "Century Cam" project film director Sam Raimi has proposed -- a network of cameras documenting urban evolution. While the Century Cam remains unbuilt, the still image analog remains possible. Levere's book isn't the conclusion to Berenice Abbott's beginning; it's simply another page. Photographers could -- and should -- revisit these locations again and again, building in a slow, measured pace the visual record of change. And the documentation of urban transformation shouldn't be limited to New York: cities from San Francisco to Shanghai, Mumbai to Munich, Rio to Rome, should be documented in this same way.
Successful cities are crucial to a successful bright green future. When they work, the dense environment is far more efficient than suburban and exurban sprawl, and the cultural churn is a trigger for innovation and creativity. Far from an environmental menace, cities can be very green. Cities are learning to be sustainable.
In 1994, Stewart Brand wrote How Buildings Learn: What Happens After They're Built,which took a re-photographic approach to analyzing architectural change. Yet trying to understand urban transformation by looking at one building at a time is like trying to gauge a body's changes by looking only at the cells: useful, but hardly the whole story. Cities are more than their individual buildings; they are filled with flows of information and commerce, networks of ideas and people, all shaping the ongoing construction and reconstruction of the urban experience. We need a fresh examination of urban life, rooted in re-photographic history but with an eye towards understand the city as a relentlessly-changing system. Abbott and Levere give us a peek at how cities evolve. Now we need to see How Cities Learn.
(Via IDFuel, the Industrial Design weblog)









